How to protect your computer from VIRUS

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Protect PC from VIRUS 

With millions of computer users browsing the web at any given time, there are plenty of targets for malicious coders. While computer experts don’t always know why coders choose to build harmful computer programs, the fact is that it happens all the time. Computer viruses can steal personal information, interfere with normal operations, attract spam and even shut down your computer’s hard drive. Protecting your computer is critical for browsing success.

Start With the Basics
Most computer systems come with security features already in place. For example, the Windows operating system is packaged with Microsoft Windows Security Center. When you first open, boot up and register a new computer, you should make sure that this program is functioning. It will give basic protection against spyware, viruses and malware. In addition, a basic firewall is built into this program, providing additional protection and stops for potentially harmful programs. Upon activation, don’t be surprised if your security system needs immediate updating. Software that protects your computer needs regular and consistent updating to stay useful. Viruses are constantly being generated and the several-month lag between when your computer was made and when you first started using it can mean that the database the security system is loaded with is severely out-of-date.

Some windows short cut keys

Shortcut Keys 3.x 9x ME NT 2K XP Vista 7 Description

Alt + Tab X X X X X X X X Switch between open applications.

Alt + Shift + Tab X X X X X X X X Switch backwards between open applications.

Alt + double-click X X X X X X X Display the properties of the object you double-click on. For example, doing this on a file would display its properties.

Ctrl + Tab X X X X X X X X Switches between program groups or document windows in applications that support this feature.

Ctrl + Shift + Tab X X X X X X X X Same as above but backwards.

Alt + Print Screen X X X X X X X X Create a screen shot only for the program you are currently in.

Ctrl + Print Screen   X X X X Creates a screen shot of the entire screen

Ctrl + Alt + Del X X X X X X X X Reboot the computer and brings up the Windows task manager.

Ctrl + Shift + Esc     X X X X Immediately bring up the Windows task manager.

Ctrl + Esc X X X X X X X X Bring up the Windows Start menu. In Windows 3.x this would bring up the Task Manager.

Alt + Esc X X X X X X X Switch Between open applications on taskbar.

F1 X X X X X X X X Activates help for current open application.

F2 X X X X X X X X Renames selected Icon.

F3 X X X X X X X Starts find from desktop.

F4 X X X X X X X Opens the drive selection when browsing.

F5 X X X X X X X Refresh Contents to where you were on the page.

Ctrl + F5   X X Refreshes page to the beginning of the page.

F10 X X X X X X X X Activates menu bar.

Shift + F10 X X X X X X X Simulates right-click on selected item.

F4 X X X X X X X Select a different location to browse in the Windows Explorer toolbar.

Alt + F4 X X X X X X X X Closes Current open program.

Ctrl + F4 X X X X X X X X Closes Window in Program.

F6 X X X X X X X Move cursor to different Windows Explorer pane.

Alt + Space bar X X X X X X X X Drops down the window control menu.

Ctrl + (the '+' key on the keypad) X X X X X X Automatically adjust the widths of all the columns in Windows explorer

Alt + Enter X X X X X X X Opens properties window of selected icon or program.

Alt + Space bar X X X X X X X Open the control menu for the current window open.

Shift + Del X X X X X X X Delete programs/files without throwing them into the recycle bin.

Holding Shift X X X X X X X X Boot Safe Mode or by pass system files as the computer is booting.

Holding Shift X X X X X X X When putting in an audio CD, will prevent CD Player from playing.

Enter X X X X X X X X Activates the highlighted program.

Alt + Down arrow X X X X X X X Display all available options on drop down menu.

* (on the keypad) X X X X X X X Expands all folders on the currently selected folder or drive in Windows Explorer.

+ (on the keypad) X X X X X X X Expands only the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.

- (on the keypad) X X X X X X X Collapses the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.

Windows key keyboard shortcuts

Below is a listing of Windows keys that can be used on computers running a Microsoft Windows operating system and using a keyboard with a Windows key. In the below list of shortcuts, the Windows key is represented by "WINKEY".

Shortcut Keys Description

WINKEY Pressing the Windows key alone will open Start.

WINKEY + F1 Opens the Microsoft Windows help and support center.

WINKEY + F3 Opens the Advanced find window in Microsoft Outlook.

WINKEY + D Brings the desktop to the top of all other windows.

WINKEY + M Minimizes all windows.

WINKEY + SHIFT + M Undo the minimize done by WINKEY + M and WINKEY + D.

WINKEY + E Open Microsoft Explorer.

WINKEY + Tab Cycle through open programs through the taskbar.

WINKEY + F Display the Windows Search or Find feature.

WINKEY + CTRL + F Display the search for computers window.

WINKEY + R Open the run window.

WINKEY + Pause / Break key Open the System Properties window.

WINKEY + U Open Utility Manager.

WINKEY + L Lock the computer and switch users if needed (Windows XP and above only).

Computer Glossary

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A
Application is a term for a program installed and used on a computer system. Examples are: Web Browsers, word processors, and chat programs. Windows file extension is .exe. Macs use the .app extension.
Applet this is a java application embedded into a website. The applet cannot use resources from the local machine.
B
BIOS stands for "Basic Input Output System." This program is found on all Windows based machines, and is used to start the computer up. BIOS is not used in Mac systems.
BCC means "blind carbon copy." When sending an email to more than one person, the addresses in the BCC box will not be shown to all recipients. If the address are provided in the CC field, all the addresses are visible. http://www.premsansar.com
C
Cache pronounced "cash," this serves as a storage of short term information in use by the computer. There are memory caches, Internet caches, and other types of caches all used to store this data.
Codec is short for "encoder-decoder." Different video and audio formats have different compression ratios so codecs are necessary to ensure these files play on the computer.
D
DOS means disc operating system. It was the first operating system used by IBM computers. Two different forms of DOS were sold, PC-DOS, and MS-DOS. MS-DOS is the one Microsoft bought rights to.
De-fragment is a process that reorganizes the hard drive to help it run more efficiently.
E
Ethernet is a form of connectivity that appears like a slightly larger telephone jack. It is used to connect one computer to another, connect to a local area network, or connect to high speed Internet modems.
Emoticon(s) are text based smiley faces and other objects used in chat and email to express emotion. Examples are :) for happy, and :'( for crying.
F
Firewire is a form of connectivity similar to USB, meant to connect peripherals such as MP3 Players and digital cameras to the computer. It operates around 30 times faster than a USB 1.1 connection.
FSB is an acronym for front side bus. It is sometimes referred to as the "system bus." The FSB is what connects the RAM and other important computer components to the motherboard.

Reasons behind Slow Computer

Slow Computer

One of the most common and irritating problem of computer users is when their computer is running slow, it is the same computer that used to work like a charm one or two months before. So here are the some reasons behind slow computer. http://www.premsansar.com

• Not enough hard drive space
• left over programs and bad files
• Data Corruption
• Missing Windows updates or outdated drivers
• Computer is overheating
• Corrupt OS
• Bad Hardware  http://www.premsansar.com

Top Keyboard Short cuts

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Using Keyboard Short cuts can greatly increase our Productivity and it will also our time.So some short cuts are below.

Ctrl+C or Ctrl +Insert = Copy the selected text

Ctrl+V or Shift+Insert= Paste the text

Ctrl+Z= Undo

Ctrl+Y= Redo

Ctrl+F= Find

Alt+ Tab or Alt+Esc= Quickly Closed current program  

Ctrl+Tab= Switch between tabs in programs

Shift+Alt= Move backward

Ctrl+Back space= Delete all words instead of single word

Ctrl+S= Save the document

Ctrl+Home= Move cursor to beginning 

Ctrl+End= Move cursor to end

Ctrl+P= Print

How to uninstall Programs from PC

Some times we have to uninstall unwanted programs that we had installed before. So to uninstall Programs follow following steps.

If your Operating System is Windows XP

Click on Start button and Click on Control Panel Icon =

Double Click Add or Remove Programs Icon= 

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A list of Programs will be appeared 

In the list select the program you want to remove or uninstall 


If your Operating System is Windows 7 or Vista

Click on Start Menu 
Click on Control Panel











Click on Programs and Click on uninstall a program

A list of Programs will be appeared 
In the list select the program you want to uninstall
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Computer Hardware

All the elements that go together to make up a Computer fall into one of two categories. Hardware and Software. This section is about Hardware, the stuff upon which software runs

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Everything you can see, touch and feel in your computer is hardware. Complete PCS cab  be purchased for about $300-$350 today in market, and the prices keep increasing! All the items listed below that make up a PC can be purchased individually at computer or web supply stores

This following list represents a basic set of hardware used in most PCS
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Mother Board 

• CPU Box
• Motherboard
• Power supply
• Hard Disk 
• Cooler
• RAM
• F loopy Disk Drive(FDD)
• Compact Disk Drive(CDD)
• Digital Video Disk Drive(DVD)
• Monitors(CRT, LCD and LED)
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Audio System
• Cables and Wires

Basic Internet and E-mail

1) Work group means Computer in Network

2) The full form of ISP is Internet Service Provider

3) The full form of URL is Uniform Resource Locator

4) The full form of HTML is Hyper Text Mark up Lanugage

5) www stands for World Wide Web

6) Home page of HTML is Introdutory Page

7) Protocol is Rules of Transmitting data

8) GUI stands for Graphical User Interface

9) WAN stands for Wide Area Network

10) WAN covers the larger area

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11) DNS stands for Domain Name Server

12) DNS will be used to identity the IP address in website

13) Browser is the name of the software which allows user to access the web pages

14) CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet

15) XML stands for Extensible Markup Language

16) The full of CC is Carbon Copy

17) The full of BCC is Blank Carbon Copy

18) FTP stands for File Transter Protocol

19) Typical data transfer rate in LAN are the order of Mega Bits Per Sec

20) Router is used for LAN

21) The word MODEM is Modulator Demodulator

22) The first ISP of Nepal is Mercantile Communication

23) In 1994 the internet and email service start in Nepal

24) All IP address are 32 bit long

25) IP address is currently 4 byte long

26) AOL stands for American Online

27) Spam is a slang name for unsolicited commercial Email

28) Active types of web document is run at the client site

29) In the URL http://www.premsansar.com , the portion labeled http is the Protocol

30) Google Chorme is the latest Browser

If you have any ideas about the related topic , you can send us at prajwol.munankarmi@gmail.com

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6 Simple tips to protect your Online Accounts from Hackers

These days are the generation of Computers, Internet, Facebook, Twitter, Myspace and so many others Social Networking Media. Most of people are familiar with these media along with yahoo, gmail, hotmail and so many websites. 

10 Tips to speed up your Computer

Speeding up our computer is the most important thing we could do as computer users. This may save your computer being outdated or smashed out.  When you have a slow computer and you are trying to work on it, you can easily get frustrated to the point of doing something drastic. But be calm down here are some 10 tips to speed up your computer. http://www.premsansar.com

Do You Know

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Some Pictures of Computers

Desktop Computer with CRT Monitor 

 Desktop Computer with LCD Monitor

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Some information about Computer

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1)      Register is a Temporary storage unit within the CPU having dedicated or general purpose use

2)      Terminal is a Point at which data may leave or enter the computer

3)      The memory of a computer is commonly expressed in terms of Kilobytes or Megabytes. A byte is made up of a byte consist of 8 bits- 8 binary digits

4)      The computer device primarily used to provide hard copy is the Line Printer

5)      The unit of hardware, which an operator uses to monitor computer processing, is the Console